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Foreign policy of the Barack Obama administration
The foreign policy of the Barack Obama administration has been the foreign policy of the United States since Obama's January 2009 inauguration as President of the United States. Obama named his chief rival for the nomination Hillary Rodham Clinton as Secretary of State during his first term, with Massachusetts Senator John Kerry taking over the post in February 2013. Supporters of Obama's foreign policy applaud what they describe as his cooperation with allies and multilateralism, his ending of the Iraq War, and the administration's attempts at destroying al-Qaeda's core leadership, particularly the killing of Osama bin Laden.〔Creamer, Robert. ("The Qualitative Difference Between Obama And Bush Foreign Policy." ) ''The Huffington Post''. 23 June 2011.〕 Supporters are typified by liberals such as Hillary Clinton and John Kerry, as well as advisors Susan Rice and Samantha Power. There is a debate on whether Obama's foreign policy is part of a general doctrine, but there is still no consensus on the existence and/or definition of an "(Obama doctrine )" and its effects on US Foreign policy.
The Obama administration's foreign policy has received criticism across the political spectrum. "Hawkish" conservatives such as Obama's 2008 Republican challenger John McCain〔("John McCain Attacks Obama's 'Failed Leadership' On Foreign Policy (VIDEO)" ) via ''The Huffington Post''.〕 and South Carolina Senator Lindsey Graham〔McGreal, Chris. ("John McCain and Lindsey Graham attack Obama ahead of final debate." ) ''The Guardian''. 22 October 2012.〕 have accused the President of being timid and ineffectual in wielding American influence. Some even claim that Obama's policy of "appeasement" leads to a US retreat from the world scene and to an abandon of US allies.〔(Jerome Vitenberg, U.S. Foreign Policy in ‘Whirlfall’, FrontPage Mag, Nov. 21, 2013 )〕 On the other hand, more "dovish" liberals such as Jimmy Carter〔McHugh, Katie. ("Jimmy Carter: 'America no longer has a functioning democracy'." ) ''The Daily Caller''. 17 July 2013.〕 and Dennis Kucinich〔Kucinich, Dennis. ("Obama administration must account to Congress for targeted assassinations." ) ''The Guardian''. 16 November 2012.〕 have accused him of cynicism and heavy-handedness. More specifically, some critics charge that he has pursued similarly imperialistic policies to those of his predecessor, George W. Bush,〔Friedersdorf, Conor. ("Progressives Are Internalizing Hawkish "War on Terror" Claims." ) ''The Atlantic''. 13 February 2013.〕〔Feaver, Peter. ("Obama's embrace of the Bush doctrine and the meaning of 'imminence'." ) ''Foreign Policy''. 5 February 2013.〕〔(Michael Hastings Rips Obama Drone Speech (VIDEO) ) via ''The Huffington Post''〕 of whom Obama was deeply critical during his tenure in the Senate and his 2008 presidential campaign.〔Cascarano, Chris, Alyssa Kim, and Sarah Wheaton. ("Obama on Surveillance, Then and Now." ) ''The New York Times''. 7 June 2013.〕
Substantial geopolitical developments that have occurred during Obama's presidency include: the aftermath of the world-wide "Great Recession" of 2008 and the ensuing Eurozone crisis; the P5+1 dialogue with Iran; the widespread Arab Spring protests that toppled numerous governments in the Middle East and precipitated civil wars in Libya and Syria; the opening of new fronts in the "War on Terror" such as Mali and Yemen, and the growing and controversial role of drone aircraft in the conflict; attempts to negotiate free trade agreements in the Trans-Pacific and Transatlantic areas; the mass unauthorized publication of classified documents by WikiLeaks, as well as Edward Snowden's revelations of extensive government surveillance,the Russian invasion of Ukraine and the return of US Forces to Iraq.
Secretary of State John Kerry told the Organization of American States in November 2013 that the Monroe Doctrine was dead. On April 10, 2015, in Panama City, Panama, Obama said, “The days in which our agenda in this hemisphere so often presumed that the United States could meddle with impunity, those days are past,” he said.〔(【引用サイトリンク】title=Video: President Obama Speaks at the Civil Society Forum )〕
== History ==
抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』
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